What Should You Do If You Spot a Bear in the Wild?

Seeing a bear in the wild can be an amazing, once in a lifetime experience. But, let’s be honest, it’s also terrifying! That big, beautiful animal isn’t going to pose for a photo or stay back just because you asked nicely. It's wild, and it deserves serious respect. Whether you’re deep in the woods or just a bit too far off the beaten path, knowing how to handle these kinds of situations can make all the difference. Here’s what to do if you ever find yourself eye-to-eye with one of nature’s most powerful creatures.

First, Don’t Freak Out

A bear and a hiker on a path.
Photo Credits: Outdoor Revival
Photo Credits: Outdoor Revival

It’s easy to say “stay calm” when you’re not facing a bear made of several hundred pounds of muscle and instinct. But panic won’t help. Most bears don’t want trouble, they’re just curious, or maybe surprised by you. The quieter you stay, the more they’ll likely lose interest. Take a breath, literally. Breathing helps you think clearly. Don’t scream, don’t run. Just breathe. That moment might feel endless, but staying grounded is the best way to keep yourself safe.

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Figure Out What Kind of Bear It Is

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Two brown bears.
Photo Credits: WildMediaSK / Envato Elements
Photo Credits: WildMediaSK / Envato Elements
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Next, you need to figure out what kind of bear you’re looking at. Black bear? Grizzly? They behave differently. The best way to tell is by looking for a hump near the bear’s shoulders. If there is one, it’s a grizzly, if not, it’s probably a black bear. If it’s a black bear, backing away slowly while facing it is usually the way to go. Grizzlies, though, can be more defensive, especially if cubs are involved. Either way, look for signs of what it’s thinking: Is it standing tall to get your scent? Is it bluff-charging? A bear’s body language speaks volumes. Understanding it just a little can help you decide whether to pull out the bear spray or slowly retreat.

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Don’t Make Eye Contact, But Don’t Look Weak

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Brown bear standing up.
Photo Credits: ronm19 / Envato Elements
Photo Credits: ronm19 / Envato Elements
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It’s kind of weird advice, but don’t forget it. Eye contact can be seen as a threat to bears. But slouching or turning away too much might also make you look like prey. It’s about balance. Stand tall and keep your arms at your sides or gently raise them to appear bigger if needed. Talk to the bear in a calm, low voice, something steady and boring, like you're explaining a traffic detour. You want to make sure the bear doesn't get scared or startled by you, as that can provoke an attack. This isn’t about asserting dominance, it’s just signaling that you’re human, not food, and not worth picking a fight with.

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Know When to Play Dead, Or Fight

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Diagram of playing dead for a bear attack
Photo Credits: Outdoor Revival
Photo Credits: Outdoor Revival
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This is one piece of advice that confuses a lot of people. Playing dead only works in very specific grizzly attacks, usually if the bear is acting defensively, not aggressively. But even then, it should only be treated as a last resort. Curl up, protect your head and neck, and stay still. But if the bear is predatory, meaning it keeps coming towards you and watching or stalking you, that’s not the time to lie down. That’s when you have to fight back with everything you’ve got. Not to win, just to survive. Use rocks, sticks, even your fists. It's scary, but it’s important to know when to do what.

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Keep Bear Spray Close and Know How to Use It

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Man discharging bear spray.
Photo Credits: Diane Renkin; May 6, 2013; Catalog #20003d / Yellowstone National Park / Wikimedia Commons CC BY 2.0.
Photo Credits: Diane Renkin; May 6, 2013; Catalog #20003d / Yellowstone National Park / Wikimedia Commons CC BY 2.0.
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Bear spray isn’t just pepper spray with a fancier label. It’s serious stuff. But it only works if you have it in your hand when you need it and know how to use it correctly. So, keep it somewhere you can easily grab it, not buried in your backpack. Practice taking the safety off before you go into the wild and get used to the feel of it. Spray when the bear is coming in fast and is within about 30 feet. Aim low so it rises into their eyes and nose. Most bears will turn away once they hit that cloud, but you should only think of bear spray as a last resort, not foolproof protection.

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Always Learn Before You Go

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Black bear smelling a garbage can.
Photo Credits: National Park Service / Wikimedia Commons / Public Domain.
Photo Credits: National Park Service / Wikimedia Commons / Public Domain.
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The best time to prepare for bears is before you’re anywhere near one. Learn about the kind of bears in the area where you’re going, including their habits, when they’re most active, and how to store food and trash properly to keep from attracting them. Make noise as you hike like singing, talking or clapping. Whatever works to keep you from surprising a bear. You’re entering their space, after all. Think of it like visiting someone’s home. You wouldn’t barge in unannounced. Same goes for the wild.

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Be Smart and Respectful

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Brown bear on a hill.
Photo Credits: WildMediaSK / Envato Elements
Photo Credits: WildMediaSK / Envato Elements
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Running into a bear doesn’t immediately mean danger, but it’s a situation that can turn dangerous very quickly. With the right mindset and a little preparation, you can safely share that space with these giant creatures for a short time. Most encounters that are handled the right way end without a scratch. But the memory of seeing a bear? That stays with you forever. Just make sure it’s a story you can tell with a smile, not a scar.